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Atorvastatin (Lipitor) – Side Effects, Uses, Mechanism of Action, Dosage, Interactions, Warnings

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Atorvastatin (Lipitor) – Side Effects, Uses, Mechanism of Action, Dosage, Interactions, Warnings
Atorvastatin, commonly known under the brand names Lipitor, Caduet, and Atorvaliq, is a statin medication used to lower cholesterol and triglyceride levels, thereby reducing the risk of heart attack and stroke in individuals with type 2 diabetes or coronary heart disease. It works by inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase, an enzyme in the liver responsible for cholesterol production, thus decreasing low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and increasing high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol. Common side effects include muscle and joint pain, nasopharyngitis, nausea, and diarrhea, while serious but rare side effects can include myopathy, rhabdomyolysis, liver enzyme abnormalities, and increased blood sugar levels. Dosages for adults typically range from 10 to 80 mg once daily, with children aged 10-17 years recommended to start at 10 mg once daily, not exceeding 20 mg. Atorvastatin can interact with other cholesterol-lowering medications, certain antibiotics and antifungals, immunosuppressants, and grapefruit juice. Precautions include avoiding use during pregnancy and breastfeeding, in patients with active liver disease, and monitoring for unexplained muscle pain, tenderness, or weakness.
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