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Epinephrine Nursing Considerations, Side Effects, and Mechanism of Action Pharmacology for Nurses
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• 08/18/25
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Epinephrine
Generic Name: epinephrine
Trade Name: Adrenalin, EpiPen
Indication: asthma and COPD exacerbations, allergic reactions, cardiac arrest, anesthesia adjunct Action Affects both beta1 and beta2 also has alpha agonist properties resulting in bronchodilation and increases in HR and BP. Inhibits hypersensitivity reactions.
Therapeutic Class: antiasthmatic, bronchodilator, vasopressor
Pharmacologic Class: adrenergic agonist
Nursing Considerations
Side effects include: angina, tachycardia, hypertension, restlessness, nervousness, hyperglycemia
Use with MAOI may lead to hypertensive crisis
Patients should not use stimulants (caffeine, guarana, etc)
Excessive use may cause bronchospasm
Assess lung sounds, pulse, BP, and other hemodynamic parameters
Monitor for chest pain
Instruct patient to use as directed
Patient should insure adequate fluid intake to liquefy secretions
Mouth should be rinsed after inhalation
Beta blockers may negate effects
May increase blood glucose levels
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