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Hydralazine (Apresoline) – Uses, Side Effects, Mechanism of Action, Dosage, Interactions, Warnings
Hydralazine (Apresoline) – Uses, Side Effects, Mechanism of Action, Dosage, Interactions, Warnings
Hydralazine, sold under the brand name Apresoline, is a direct-acting vasodilator primarily used to treat moderate to severe hypertension, including hypertensive crises, and to manage chronic heart failure—especially in patients intolerant to ACE inhibitors or ARBs. It is also considered relatively safe for controlling high blood pressure during pregnancy, such as in pre-eclampsia and eclampsia. Hydralazine works by relaxing arteriolar smooth muscle, reducing systemic vascular resistance and afterload, although it may cause reflex tachycardia due to sympathetic stimulation. Oral dosing typically starts at 10 mg four times daily, with maintenance doses ranging up to 100 mg four times daily; intravenous administration is reserved for acute settings. Common side effects include headache, dizziness, palpitations, and flushing, while serious effects may include drug-induced lupus, peripheral neuropathy, and myocardial infarction. It interacts with various drugs such as beta-blockers, NSAIDs, MAO inhibitors, and other antihypertensives. Caution is advised in patients with ischemic heart disease or renal impairment, and monitoring is essential during prolonged use.
#hydralazine #apresoline #hydralazineuses #apresolineuses #hydralazinesideeffects #apresolinesideeffects #htn
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