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Pharmacology of Benzonatate ; Mechanism of action, Pharmacokinetics, Uses, Effects
Benzonatate is a non-narcotic antitussive used to relieve cough. Here are some key points about its pharmacology:
Mechanism of Action
Benzonatate works by numbing the stretch receptors in the lungs and pleura, which helps to suppress the cough reflex. Its chemical structure is similar to local anesthetics like procaine and tetracaine2.
Pharmacokinetics
Absorption: Benzonatate is well absorbed orally.
Onset of Action: The effects generally begin within 15 to 20 minutes.
Duration of Action: The effects last between 3 to 8 hours.
Elimination Half-Life: The half-life is approximately 1 hour.
Excretion: It is excreted in the urine.
Indications
Benzonatate is indicated for the symptomatic relief of cough. It is typically used for non-productive coughs associated with conditions like the common cold or bronchitis.
Dosage
Adults and Children over 10 years: 100 to 200 mg three times a day as needed for cough, with a maximum single dose of 200 mg and a maximum daily dose of 600 mg.
Children under 10 years: Not recommended due to the risk of severe toxicity and overdose.
Side Effects
Common: Drowsiness, dizziness, headache, upset stomach, and skin rash.
Serious: Hallucinations, allergic reactions, laryngospasm, bronchospasm, and cardiovascular collapse (especially if chewed or dissolved in the mouth).
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to benzonatate or related compounds.
Children under 10 years: Due to the risk of accidental ingestion and overdose.
Special Precautions
Accidental Ingestion: Keep out of reach of children.
Chewing or Dissolving: Do not chew or dissolve the capsules in the mouth as this can cause numbness and choking
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