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What is KETOCONAZOLE (Nizoral)? What is Ketoconazole used for? Side Effects, Uses and Warnings!

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What is Ketoconazole? What is ketoconazole used for?

Ketoconazole, also known as Nizoral, is a medication prescribed for treating fungal infections. It comes in several forms: a 200-mg oral white tablet, a white topical cream for skin application, and a red-orange liquid shampoo for scalp use, particularly for managing dandruff.

Potential Adverse Reactions to Ketoconazole

Specific to the shampoo:

Loss of perm-induced curls
Hair thinning or shedding
Drying of the skin
Skin irritation

Specific to the topical cream:

Ketoconazole cream

Skin irritation
Itchy sensation
Burning feeling
Scalp irritation

Specific to the oral tablets:
Early onset side effects:

Feelings of nausea and vomiting
Upset stomach

Later onset side effects (usually after more than one day of treatment):

Constipation
Loose stools or diarrhea
Temporary liver function changes
Elevated blood pressure
Itchy skin
Skin rashes
Dizziness
Headaches
Enlarged breasts and breast soreness, particularly in males

These are common side effects, but others may occur. All side effects should be reported to your healthcare provider.

Guidance for Ketoconazole Usage

If you experience stomach discomfort, take ketoconazole with food. Regular blood tests will be conducted to monitor liver function. If you notice unusual tiredness, nausea and vomiting, loss of appetite, yellowing of the eyes or skin, dark-colored urine, or pale stools, inform your doctor immediately as these could indicate serious liver issues.

Ketoconazole can interact with various medications, altering their effectiveness. These include oral diabetic medications, warfarin, phenytoin, immunosuppressants (cyclosporine, sirolimus, tacrolimus), digoxin, midazolam, theophylline, methylprednisolone, and certain chemotherapy drugs like vincristine, etoposide, daunorubicin, doxorubicin, idarubicin, mitoxantrone, ifosfamide, and cyclophosphamide. Additionally, certain drugs can influence ketoconazole's effectiveness, such as antacids, ranitidine, famotidine, sucralfate, isoniazid, and rifampin.

Always inform your healthcare provider of all medications you're taking, including over-the-counter drugs, vitamins, and herbal supplements. Check with your healthcare provider before starting any new medication while on ketoconazole.

If using the shampoo, avoid eye contact, apply it to damp skin of the affected and surrounding areas, lather, leave it for 5 minutes, and then rinse thoroughly with water.

00:00 What is Ketoconazole
00:43 Report Side Effects
01:07 Drug Interactions
01:53 Shampoo Instructions

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