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ACE-I & ARBs | Mechanism of Action, Indications, Adverse Reactions, Contraindications

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Official Ninja Nerd Website: https://ninjanerd.org

Ninja Nerds!
In this cardiovascular pharmacology lecture, Professor Zach Murphy provides a high-yield breakdown of ACE Inhibitors (ACE-Is) and Angiotensin Receptor Blockers (ARBs)—two cornerstone drug classes used in the treatment of hypertension, heart failure, diabetic nephropathy, and post-myocardial infarction care.

We begin by reviewing the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS) and how it regulates blood pressure, fluid balance, and vascular resistance. You’ll learn how ACE inhibitors (e.g., Lisinopril, Enalapril, Ramipril) block the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, leading to vasodilation, reduced aldosterone, and decreased afterload and preload.

We then cover ARBs (e.g., Losartan, Valsartan, Candesartan), which selectively block the angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT₁), offering similar benefits with a lower risk of bradykinin-related side effects such as cough and angioedema.

The lecture highlights therapeutic uses, contraindications (e.g., pregnancy, bilateral renal artery stenosis), and adverse effects including hyperkalemia, hypotension, and renal function changes. You’ll also learn key clinical distinctions between ACE-Is and ARBs and when to choose one over the other.

Enjoy the lecture and support us below!

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