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Pharmacology of Hyoscyamine-Methenamine ; Mechanism of action, Pharmacokinetics, Uses, Effects
Hyoscyamine-Methenamine is a combination medication used primarily to treat urinary tract symptoms. Here's a detailed look at its pharmacology:
Mechanism of Action
Hyoscyamine: This is an antispasmodic agent that works by blocking muscarinic acetylcholine receptors, which helps relax smooth muscles in the gastrointestinal and urinary tracts. This reduces spasms and discomfort2.
Methenamine: This compound is hydrolyzed in acidic urine to produce formaldehyde, which has bactericidal properties. It helps control bacterial infections in the urinary tract1.
Methylene Blue: This component has weak antiseptic properties and helps maintain an acidic pH in the urine, which is necessary for methenamine to work effectively.
Sodium Phosphate Monobasic: This maintains the acidic pH in the urine, ensuring the proper breakdown of methenamine.
Indications
Urinary Tract Symptoms: Used to treat symptoms of irritative voiding, such as urgency, frequency, and discomfort.
Lower Urinary Tract Infections: Provides symptomatic relief and helps manage hypermotility and spasms associated with infections.
Dosage and Administration
Adults: Typically, one tablet or capsule is taken four times daily.
Children: Dosage must be individualized and should be administered under medical supervision.
Administration: Should be followed by liberal fluid intake to ensure proper hydration and effectiveness.
Side Effects
Hyoscyamine: Dry skin, blurred vision, constipation, and tachycardia.
Methenamine: Dysuria, discoloration of urine (blue), nausea, and gastric upset.
Contraindications
Hyoscyamine: Hypersensitivity to hyoscyamine or related compounds, closed-angle glaucoma, myasthenia gravis, and severe gastrointestinal obstruction.
Methenamine: Hypersensitivity to methenamine, severe renal or hepatic insufficiency, and concurrent use of sulfonamides or acetazolamide
#Hyoscyamine #Methenamine
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