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Pharmacology of Mometasone - Formoterol (Dulera; Mechanism of action, Pharmacokinetics, Uses, Effect
Mometasone and Formoterol is a combination medication used primarily in the management of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)in a couple of countries. Here’s a detailed overview of its pharmacology:
Mechanism of Action
Mometasone: Is a corticosteroid. It reduces inflammation by suppressing the migration of inflammatory cells, decreasing the production of inflammatory mediators, and reversing the dilation of small blood vessels, thereby reducing swelling and mucus production.
Formoterol: Is a long-acting beta2-adrenergic agonist (LABA). It relaxes bronchial smooth muscle by stimulating beta2 receptors, leading to bronchodilation3. This helps improve airflow and alleviate symptoms like shortness of breath.
Pharmacokinetics
Absorption: Both drugs are well absorbed when administered via inhalation.
Metabolism: Mometasone undergoes extensive metabolism in the liver (CYP3A4), while formoterol is metabolized via pathways including CYP2D62.
Half-life: Mometasone’s half-life is around 5.8 hours, while formoterol has a half-life of approximately 10-14 hours.
Excretion: Mometasone is excreted mainly via feces and urine, whereas formoterol is excreted via urine and feces.
Clinical Uses
1. Asthma: Mometasone-formoterol inhalers are used for the maintenance treatment of asthma to reduce symptoms and prevent airflow obstruction.
COPD: In some regions, it is also used for the management of moderate to severe COPD, although it is not typically the first-line treatment.
Side Effects
Common: Headache, throat irritation, hoarseness, and dry mouth.
Serious: Potential systemic corticosteroid effects such as adrenal suppression, osteoporosis, hyperglycemia, and increased risk of infections.
Dosage and Administration
Typically administered as an inhalation dose, adjusted to the patient’s condition and response. Common prescriptions include twice daily inhalations.
#Mometasone #Formoterol #Dulera
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