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Pharmacology of Oxazepam (Serax); Mechanism of action, Pharmacokinetics, Uses, Effects
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• 08/25/25
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Oxazepam is a benzodiazepine medication primarily used for the treatment of anxiety disorders, insomnia, and symptoms of alcohol withdrawal. Here's an overview of its pharmacology:
Mechanism of Action:
Oxazepam enhances the effect of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) at the GABA-A receptor. This results in a calming effect on the central nervous system (CNS), reducing anxiety, inducing sedation, and relaxing muscles.
Pharmacokinetics:
Absorption: Well absorbed when taken orally, with a slow onset of action.
Metabolism: Metabolized in the liver through glucuronidation, making it less affected by liver dysfunction compared to other benzodiazepines.
Half-life: Approximately 6–9 hours, making it a short-to-intermediate-acting benzodiazepine.
Excretion: Primarily excreted in urine as inactive metabolites.
Indications:
Management of anxiety disorders.
Short-term relief of insomnia.
Treatment of alcohol withdrawal symptoms.
Side Effects:
Common: Drowsiness, dizziness, and fatigue.
Rare but serious: Dependence, withdrawal symptoms, and respiratory depression (especially when combined with other CNS depressants).
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